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Qatar’s willingness to provide political and financial support to the government of Egyptian president Mohamed Morsi of the Muslim Brotherhood after his election in 2013, as well as its sheltering of MB dissidents (and other Islamists critical of Gulf governments) after Morsi’s overthrow the following year, earned Doha the lasting enmity of Riyadh and Abu Dhabi.
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But Qatar’s support for the Muslim Brotherhood (MB) and its offshoots is viewed as a singular threat by Saudi Arabia and its allies the demonstrated ability of these Islamist groups to win elections and endanger the existing political order in the wake of the Arab Spring uprisings terrified many regional governments-Saudi Arabia and the UAE in particular. Qatar’s friendly relationship with Iran and its ownership of the Al Jazeera network, which is frequently critical of other Gulf governments, are principal irritants. Qatar has long hewed to an independent foreign policy line, frequently drawing the ire 5 of Saudi Arabia, the peninsula’s largest state and de facto leader. Speaking in the Rose Garden on June 9, Trump expanded on his criticism (and contradicted a more measured statement made earlier that day by Secretary Tillerson), claiming that Qatar has “historically been a funder of terrorism at a very high level.” 4 What Went Wrong? On June 6, he tweeted 3 criticisms of Qatar as a supporter of terrorism. Sixteen days later, the day after Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Yemen, Egypt, and the Maldives cut diplomatic ties with Doha, Trump had changed his tune completely.
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Trump stood before a large gathering of Arab and Muslim leaders in a conference hall in Riyadh on May 21, 2017, to deliver an address 1 on the struggle “to conquer extremism and vanquish the forces of terrorism” by “strengthening partnerships, and forming new ones, to advance security and stability across the Middle East and beyond.” Trump praised US regional allies for their contributions and singled out, among others, Qatar as “a crucial strategic partner” for hosting 11,000 US troops and Central Command’s forward headquarters at Al-Udeid Air Base, the largest US military facility in the Middle East. The persistence of this conflict undermines US aims in the region, provides opportunities for Iran, and may have a lasting impact on the viability of cooperative security arrangements in the Gulf. The US response has been at various times inconsistent, neglectful, and diplomatically chaotic, as the White House initially undercut then-Secretary of State Rex Tillerson’s efforts to resolve the confrontation.ĭespite some progress in the months since the crisis began, the standoff appears no closer to resolution. Nevertheless, Washington’s handling of the crisis pitting Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and their allies against Qatar has left much to be desired.
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This is especially true at a time of considerable regional strife and the growing possibility of confrontation with Iran. Strengthening and maintaining the Gulf Cooperation Council are among the top goals of any American administration that seeks to preserve peace and stability in the Gulf region.